复合添加剂对钒电池正极电解液性能的影响

为了提高钒电池电解液的性能，选取了3种复合添加剂，研究了复合添加剂对钒电池正极电解液稳定性和电化学性能的影响。利用电化学方法制备了2 mol/L的全钒液流电池正极5价钒离子电解液，采用临界胶束浓度法得到复合添加剂的配比为：1% KHSO₄+3 mmol/L SDBS（十二烷基苯磺酸钠）、1% KHSO₄+2 mmol/L D-山梨醇、1% KHSO₄+2 mmol/L CTAB（十六烷基三甲基溴化铵），并考察添加剂加入电解液后的稳定性与电化学性能。通过XRD分析手段，对电解液沉淀物的成分进行了表征。研究表明：添加剂的加入，并不会引起钒离子价态的变化，1% KHSO₄+2 mmol/L CTAB加入后，电解液峰电位差减小12 mV，峰电流增加9.8 mA，说明CTAB与KHSO₄在合适配比下，能够有效提高正极电解液的稳定性及可逆性，添加剂的引入并未引起电解液沉淀物的物相组成变化，电解液性能显著提高。     

Modeling task completion time of in-vehicle information systems while driving with keystroke level modeling

The use of touchscreen-based in-vehicle information systems (IVIS) is increasing. To ensure safe driving, it is important to evaluate IVIS task performance during driving situations. Therefore, we proposed a model to assess the task completion time (TCT) of IVIS tasks while driving using a keystroke-level modeling (KLM) technique. The basic assumptions and heuristic rules of driver behaviors were considered. In addition, based on the characteristics of visual and manual IVIS interactions, we determined the basic unit operators (i.e., visual, manual, and mental operators). User experiments were conducted to determine the individual execution times of unit tasks and to measure the TCT of IVIS tasks while driving. Based on the heuristic rules for model development and individual task execution times, we derive a predictive model for the TCT of IVIS tasks. We used a regression analysis to validate the modeling procedure, showing that the observed TCT was found to have a strong positive correlation with the predicted time from the modeling process. The findings showed that the task completion time needed to perform a secondary task in a driving context can be predicted by KLM. This study provides meaningful insights into the design of touchscreen-based IVIS to enhance driving safety.     

基于全相位预处理的时域多重信号分类波达方向估计方法

低信噪比下,针对宽带短脉冲情况下频域多重信号分类(MUSIC)中噪声子空间估计不稳定问题,提出一种基于全相位预处理的时域多重信号分类波达方向(DOA)估计方法。①对线列阵接收数据进行分组处理;②按搜索角度对各组数据进行相移预处理,并对各组数据预处理结果进行相加,得到一组新数据;③对线列阵接收数据在时域构建相移后的协方差矩阵,在更短数据长度下,稳定实现噪声子空间估计,并依据估计出的噪声子空间含有的正交特性,通过单位矩阵加法器得到相应空间谱估计值,实现波达方向估计。数值仿真和实测数据处理结果表明,相比频域MUSIC方法,该方法有效提高了线列阵接收数据协方差矩阵中信号含有量和信噪比,能够在更短数据长度情况下实现对噪声子空间的稳定估计,具有较好的稳定性和检测性能,提高了MUSIC方法在实际波达方向估计中的鲁棒性。     

Performance evaluation of two-worker operations in a worker-to-cell order assorting system

This paper studies an order assorting system (OAS) composed of multiple-parallel order assorting aisles (OAAs) in a retailer’s order fulfillment center. We evaluate two worker-assignment policies for a worker-to-part OAA: a dedicated-assignment policy and a shared-assignment policy. Our analytical models evaluate the mean value and variance of worker process time including assorting time, walk time, empty walk time, and blocking time when single-line products arrive randomly. From the worker process time, we identify the system flow time of product lines per each worker-assignment policy using G/G/1 and G/G/2 queuing models. We find that the shared-assignment policy performs better compared to the dedicated-assignment policy in spite of workers’ productivity losses incurred by blocking delays over high sort probability, slow walk speed, and high magnitude and variations of inter-arrival times. At the worker-centric break-even point of worker process time, where worker process time suggests selecting either policy, system flow time always suggests selecting the shared-assignment policy.     

数字化核电厂班组SSA测度方法与实验研究

情景意识(SA)问题在数字化核电厂中更为突出。为识别班组共享情景意识（SSA）水平及行为形成因子（PSF）对班组SSA的影响，基于情景意识全面评估技术（SAGAT）建立一种班组SSA测量和计算方法并进行模拟机实验。结果表明，个体SA（ISA）水平与SSA水平有关，ISA级别越高，SSA级别越高；ISA和班组SSA都受到PSF的影响，PSF的状态水平越高，ISA和SSA的水平越高；对于不同的实验场景，操纵员的ISA水平和班组SSA水平不同，这表明风险场景的症状越明显及知识经验水平越好，ISA和SSA水平就越高。最后，通过被试的自评价识别当前PSF的状态水平，主要不良的PSF是班组沟通和合作水平、压力水平、人-机界面等。这些评估结果为提高数字化核电厂人因可靠性和安全水平提供了理论支持。     

Two‐sided matching framework for optimal user association in 5G multi‐RAT UDNs

Recently, academic and industrial research communities are paying more explicit attention to the 5G multiple radio access technology ultra‐dense networks (5G multi‐RAT UDNs) for boosting network capacity, especially in UD urban zones. To this aim, in this paper, we intend to tackle the user association problem in 5G multi‐RAT UDNs. By considering the decoupled uplink/downlink access (DUDA), we divide our user association problem into two distinct subproblems representing, respectively, the uplink and the downlink channels. Next, we formulated each one as a nonlinear optimization problem with binary variables. Then, to solve them, we were restricted by the hard complexity, as well as the hard feasibility of centralized user association schemes. Thus, to resolve our user association problem in a reasonable time and distributed manner, we formulated each subproblem as a many‐to‐one matching game based on matching theory. Next, we provide two fully distributed association algorithms to compute the uplink and downlink stable matching among user equipments (UEs) and base stations (BSs). Simulation results corroborate our theoretical model and show the effectiveness and improvement of our achieved results in terms of the overall network performance, quality of service (QoS), and energy efficiency (EE) of UEs.     

GPU加速MOC输运计算性能分析研究

特征线方法（MOC）在求解堆芯规模中子输运方程时面临计算时间长的问题，加速和并行算法是目前研究的热点。基于MOC在特征线和能群层面的并行特性，采用统一计算设备构架（CUDA）编程规范，实现了基于图形处理器（GPU）的并行二维MOC算法。测试了菱形差分和步特征线法分别在双精度、混合精度及单精度浮点运算下的计算精度、效率及GPU加速效果。采用性能分析工具对GPU程序性能进行了分析，识别了程序性能瓶颈。结果表明：菱形差分和步特征线法在不同浮点运算精度下均表现出良好的计算精度；相比于CPU单线程计算，GPU加速效果在双精度和单精度情况下分别达到35倍和100倍以上。     

Effects of inter-electrode insertion on the performance and thermal flow fields of a hollow-electrode plasma torch

The effects of inter-electrode insertion on the performance of a hollow-electrode plasma torch have been investigated by numerical analysis. Simulation results revealed that when inter-electrodes are inserted, the arc voltages and plasma powers increase due to the increase in the arc length. In addition,it was predicted that thermal efficiency can be improved with the increase in plasma power by injecting plasma gases through the gaps between inter-electrodes. These unique effects of inter-electrode insertion are a result of the plasma temperatures adjusting themselves to increase arc voltages when the arc column is contracted radially by increasing gas-flow rate or decreasing inter-electrode diameter.     

Assessing cloud computing value in firms through socio-technical determinants

While cloud computing is touted as a promising information technology advancement, predictions of its value are inconclusive. This research investigates the impact of cloud computing within-firm and across-firm. Drawing on the resource-based view and sociotechnical theory, technical attributes and social attributes of cloud computing are identified to impact firm performance via primary and support use. Results from data collected from 513 firms show varying effects of technical and social attributes in primary use and support use, which help create value and better performance. Such effects also are found to differ between firms in service and manufacturing sectors.     

某大机动无人机基于飞行任务的敏捷性评估飞行科目设计与仿真

由于现代空战的特点，根据时间量级分类的单维度的敏捷性评估已经不能满足空战的需求。为了优化控制系统的设计，最大限度地发挥飞机的飞行性能，需要对大机动无人机进行基于飞行任务的敏捷性评估。针对大机动无人机敏捷性评估的特点，从20个标准评估机动任务集中选取了3种与某无人机实际使用相关性较强的飞行任务作为其评估机动，展开了无人机基于飞行任务的敏捷性评估和仿真验证。对选取的3种飞行任务进行了详细的敏捷性评估方法描述，在通用的无人机敏捷性评估仿真环境中对加入非线性飞行控制律的某大机动无人机进行了基于3种飞行任务的敏捷性评估仿真验证，根据评估结果对控制律进行调参，为控制律设计提供指南和优化依据。